Michel Foucault _ sat · clouds

Michel Foucault · (MichelFoucault) 15 October 1926 was born in France-Aina provincial capital of Poitiers, France a quiet town in the Southwest. His father is the city a respectable surgeon, the mother was the daughter of a surgeon. In Foucault's interviews, he said, "when I was living in France became a little bourgeois environment, we must not be different family guests, the conversations I felt even worse. I often wonder, why do people have to say? silence is perhaps when dealing with others more interesting. "(Michel Foucault, 1926 – October 15, 1984, 25 June), born: 1926 October France Poitiers died: June 25, 1984, France Paris school/genre: continental philosophy, after structuralism, poststructuralism main areas: concepts of history, epistemology, ethics, political philosophy Michel · Fu Ke, France philosophers and 「introduction ideological system of historian 」. His literary criticism and theory, philosophy (especially in French-speaking countries), critical theory, history, history of Science (especially medical history), critical pedagogy and sociology of knowledge has a significant effect. He is considered a top modern chauvinist and after Structuralists, but it was his early works, particularly the words and of law or of evolution. He himself on this classification does not appreciate, he thinks that he has inherited the tradition of modernism. He believed that after modernism the term itself is very vague. It was just his structuralism or after structuralism tendencies questioned his political activities. At this point his situation and GNOME · Chomsky, George · leikauf and Jane · Jacob. Foucault life and works of Michel Foucault in Poitiers completed primary and secondary education, in 1945, he left his hometown to visit Paris France higher normal school entrance examination, and in 1946 a smooth entry into higher learning philosophy. 1951 through high school teacher qualification examination, he in Thiers Foundation funding has 1 year study, 1952, employed as a teaching assistant at the University of Lille. As early as during normal, Foucault is demonstrated on psychology and Psychiatry of great interest, just his parents a long-time friend Jacques Linna · Wildau (JacquelineVerdeaus) is a psychologist, and Jacques Linna husband George · Wildau is France psychoanalysis · Jacques Lacan's Masters students. Therefore, in Wildau couples, Foucault on psychology and psychoanalysis has conducted an in-depth study of the system, and, together with Jacques Linna translated Switzerland psychiatrist Binswanger Evangel (LudwigBinswanger) book the dream and existing law. Book after that Foucault should Jacques Linna's do for law and order, the text in 1953 before Easter grass article longer than the body text of the preamble. In this article, a long article, his future writing style has gorgeous inkling. In 1954, the preamble of this rare longer than the body of works translated by Dirk Lei · de · cloth prouvost publishing works the anthropological, income and study series. The same year, Foucault made their first monograph of the psychiatric and personality, income the philosophy books, getting started by France University Press. Foucault's later on this work to be negative, it is not mature, and therefore, 1962 reprint this book almost devastated when. August 1955, the famous myth scientist George · du Mazel (GeorgesDumezil) strongly recommended that Foucault is Sweden Uppsala University hired as French teacher. In Sweden, Foucault also served as France's Foreign Ministry to set up a "group home" officer France, therefore, in addition to teaching, he spent a lot of time for organizing culture exchange activities. In Sweden's 3-year period, Foucault start writing doctoral dissertations. Benefit from Uppsala University Library collections of a large group of 16 century medical history archives, letters and various rare books, also benefited from du Mazel's ongoing supervision and assistance, when Foucault leave Sweden when the madness and the non-rational — the history of madness in the classical period "has been basically completed. In 1958, was teaching and work burdens on, Foucault's resignation, and returned to Paris in June. Two months later, still in Mazel's help, but also because of Foucault in Sweden during the excellent organization skills, he was appointed to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of France, located in Warsaw University Cultural Center Director in France. This October, Foucault reached Poland, but he did not stay there too long, the reason was dramatic: he won Poland Intelligence Agency handsome man in mind. Foucault from very early times since he is gay, he'd unabashed, personal life, this man is clearly enough to be "air flow". However in the 1950s is East-West cold war with the smugglers, the two parties are ingenious mutual spying. Precisely in 1959, the Embassy of France in Poland, Ambassador of culture Counsellor on sick leave for the already have promoted side of Foucault 's, so he took the position, along the lines of Counselor presented formally appointed. So Poland intelligence agencies take advantage and airflow into sexual young philosopher-among them. After leaving Poland, Foucault continued his overseas tour, this time the destination is Hamburg, still is the Director of the cultural center of France. February 1960, Foucault in Germany finally completed his doctoral thesis. This is a book in the thickness and depth also turns on the big book: book includes appendices and reference books as long as 943 pages visited since 17 century madness and the evolution of the concept of mental illness, detailed in the plastic arts, combing literature and philosophy embodied in image formation, insanity change process and its significance for the modern man. In accordance with established practice, the application States doctoral degrees should submit a master thesis and a pair of papers, Foucault decides the practical translation of Kant, and anthropology to an introduction as Deputy, although this introduction has never published, but Foucault's researchers found that he was mature and reflected in the words and objects "," archaeology ", some important concepts and ideas in this paper has already formed. Should of Foucault 's, he was at the Henry IV school of philosophyThe teacher, then Paris College headmaster let · Hippolyte (JeanHyppolite) agreeing as Deputy research mentor papers "," and recommend famous historians of science, the philosophy Department for the University of Paris and Director of George · Kang Nicholas Lyme (GeorgesConguilhem) as his Master thesis advisor. The latter on the history of insanity praised, and he wrote the following comment: "people will see the value, in view of Mr. concern since Foucault in the Renaissance has mental illness in the plastic arts, literature and philosophy is reflected in the modern person purposing provided; given that he sometimes straightened out, and chaos confused Alisa Adeney coils, his thesis into analysis and synthesis in a furnace, its rigorous, although not so easy to read, but without losing the wisdom of ... Therefore, I am convinced that Foucault's the importance of research. "[1] in 1961, may 20, Foucault passed in reply, access to literature. This paper also was named that year's philosophy, and the most outstanding paper presented to the author with a bronze medal. Words and objects prints in Foucault's portrait of Foucault's thesis by Dr., Clermont-long University, Department of philosophy at the new dimension is also at the end of the manuscript of the history of madness, wrote to the author of still far away in Hamburg, want to instruct him to Professor. Foucault's embrace, and in 1960 became the acting Professor in October, 1962, 1 may, Clermont-sifferlen University officially promoted to full professor for philosophy Foucault. Throughout the 1960s, Foucault's popularity with his writings and commentary publication of sharply: 1963, the Raymond · carrousel and the birth of clinical medicine, 1964 the Nietzsche, Freud, Marx, and the 1966 great repercussions of the words and objects. This work seeks to build a "Humanities archaeology", "aimed at determination in Western culture, the people of when, as a person when the knowledge object. "[1] Foucault's use of" knowledge "this new terminology that specific period knowledge production, movement and expression of deep framework. Since the Renaissance of knowledge changes flow, Foucault pointed out that, during each period of deep knowledge exists between the fault. In addition, because of linguistic flowing with the deconstruction of all Humanities special function in the language, so in Humanities studies, Linguistics is a very special location: through the study of languages, knowledge from deep raised Office appear. The book "witty, obscure, esoteric wisdom" [1], but is this a full academic papers, published recently by the short supply of Bestsellers: first edition by France's most famous vidyalaya Lima press in October 1966, the printed book, the end of the year 3500 shall sell, next June, reprint, July 5000: 3000, 3500, 9 month: November: 3500; 67 Mar 2000: November: 4000, 5000 ... , Is said to the 80 's, the word and of law only in France is printing more than 10 million copies. On the evaluation of the book is equally dramatic, comments almost diametrically dichotomy, praise is not a big plus is that he denounced, both of the leader also has much more: hailed as "the intellectual conscience" of the great philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre claimed that the book "to the construction of a new ideology, that is, the construction of the bourgeoisie against the Marxist last dam", Journal of organ of the Communist Party of France also continuously published refute the article; however, more interesting is that this time, the Catholic party intellectuals are confirmed with seems to be the Communist people stood upon the same fronts: Although offensive differently, but in opposition to this point, the two camps is the heart of the current period. But this side of Foucault's lineup also favourably: Okazaki Nicholas Lyme outraged, in 1967 he published a long article to denounce "Sartre's gang" on the word and of the accused, and that contention is not that ideology, but the start of Foucault is a brand-new way of ideological pedigree, that's exactly what is holding the "humanism" or "humanitarian" Sartre, etc, do not want to see and would be happy to be rid of. Anyway, the word and of law Michel Foucault had brought great prestige. Soon, Foucault and again left France to Tunisia became the Professor of philosophy at the University. Michel Foucault in Tunisia through 1968, the movement of the tide. This is a "revolutionary" slogan and action throughout Europe and the world in the period of time, Tunisia has a series of student movement, in which Foucault, play a considerable impact. Since then, his figure and name also repeatedly appears on the France country again and marches, protests and petitions. 68, event prompted France education administration reflection old University system, and start planning reform of the law. As an experiment, in October 1968, the new Minister of education, Edgar · fur decided in Paris suburb of Watson forest the construction of a new University, it will have full freedom to experiment with various university education system reform in new ideas. Foucault was appointed new Director of the school of philosophy. However, Watson soon caught in an endless students went on strike, the confrontation with the police on the street and even popular conflict, Foucault's philosophy is also very left of rumbles into turmoil. In two years, Watson was Foucault exhaustion of two years. December 2, 1972, in terms of Foucault is a commemoration of the day, this day, he embarked on the French Academy high rostrum, officially became the Professor of the history of the French school of thought. Into the French Academy means that up to the peak of academic status: this is France University institutions "Temple of the Temple". In the 1970s of Foucault is actively engaged in the various social movements, he use his fame to support efforts aimed at improving the situation of human rights of prisoners, and personally initiated "prison information group" to collect the prison system in daily operation of detailed processes; he in the maintenance of migrant and refugee rights petition; together with Sartre at solidarity with prisoners of prison riot; protests at risk going to Spain to protest against the dictator Franco on political prisoners of the death sentence. All of this led to his deep thinking power of deep structure and the resulting imprisonment, the functioning of the disciplinary procedure.These considerations form the he 70 's most important work of all themes — the discipline and punish ". Foucault's last book the history of sexuality, the first volume of the knowledge will act in 1976, published December, this work aims to explorative concepts in the history of changes and development. Foucault's concept of the nature, history and hopes to achieve perfect attitude to diaozhuo, outline and draft changed again and again, and the final text and initial plans considerably. This is a great book, according to Foucault's final arrangements, the book is divided into four volumes entitled the knowledge his wishes, the pleasure of enjoying "," self care "," lust of foreclosure. Unfortunately, the author never see it out together, 1984, June 25, Foucault by AIDS in Paris Salman Bertil hospital and died the year 58-year-old. Foucault's death shocked France from top to bottom. Republic and the Prime Minister and Minister of education, called "Foucault's death you took the greatest philosopher ... Those who want to understand the modernity of the late 20th century, you need to consider Michel Foucault. "Le Monde", Jiefang Daily, the morning news "," new observer "newspaper has published a large number of commemorative articles. Thought of dignitaries have also issued a commemorative text: Yearbook master Fernando · Braudel said "France has lost one of the most brilliant thinkers, most generosity of intellectuals"; George · du Mazel commemorative of the moving, elderly laoleizongheng to used to say "I died, Michel will give me write obituaries. "However, merciless, reversed the grief prophecy more from the heart:" Michel Foucault · abandoned me, I was losing a lot of things, not only lost his life in color also lost life. "Michel Foucault · (1926-1984), 29 June morning, Foucault's teachers and friends in the hospital held a farewell ceremony for the body, ceremony, students from Foucault, the philosopher Gilles Deleuze · took the obituary, this passage from Foucault's last book the pleasure of enjoying", sufficient to summarize the Foucault's lifelong pursuit and struggle of course, I also used this passage to end this article, to commemorate the Foucault's death 18 anniversary of the passage: "as far as what excited me, this is an easy one. I hope that in some people it seems that a simple answer to the question itself is enough. The answer is curiosity, this refers to any case is worth our band is stubbornly obeyed their drives have curiosity: it is not the kind to absorb for human understanding of things, but rather of curiosity that enable us to surpass ourselves and curiosity. To put it bluntly, the passion for knowledge, if only lead to a certain degree of knowledge growth, rather than in one way or another as seeker deviates from the ego, then the passion is there anything worth? in life: If one further observation and reflection, some times the absolute need to ask this question: who can take the knowledge and their original way of thinking about different ways that can take and their original observation differently perceive. …… Today's philosophy — I mean philosophical activity, if not on its own critique work? if it is not a commitment to understanding how and to what extent can a different way of thinking, but rather something that already know, so what's the point of it? "Foucault's main achievement Foucault's work is organized around several common elements and topics, his main subject is the power (power) and its relationship with knowledge (knowledge of Sociology), as well as the relations between the different manifestations in the historic environment. He will be a series of historical differentiating into "understanding", Foucault will this awareness is defined as a culture in some form of power distribution. For Foucault, power not only physical or military power, of course, they are an element of power. For Foucault, power is not a fixed location, you can acquire, but throughout the community of "energy flow". Foucault said, to show it has knowledge is a source of power, because this way you can have the authority to tell others what and why they are like this. Foucault not will power as a form, and set it as the use of Community bodies to express a truth to be their own objectives imposed on society by different ways. Such as Michel Foucault's history of prison when he is not only look at the watchmen physical power, he also studied how they get from the community — the right of prison is how to design, to enable prisoners to realize who is, to let them in mind to live a certain action specification. He also studied the development of the "criminals", the definition of the criminals, thus deduce powers of transformation. For Foucault, "truth" (in fact, in a historical environment is deemed to be the truth of things) is the result of the use of power, and the mere use of power tools. Foucault finds that rely on a system set up by the power of truth can use discussions, knowledge, history, etc. to be questioned by emphasizing physical, belittle, or through artistic creation can also challenge to such a power. Foucault's book often write very compact, full of historical allusion, especially small stories, to strengthen his theory of justification. Foucault's critics say he often refers to the historical allusions when not enough careful, he often incorrectly refers to a story or even create their own. Note: all content is drawn directly from Baidu NET